Publications

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2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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A tool on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) knowledge management and maturity assessment

This report accompanies the second release of the PETs assessment tool and provides a brief overview of its main functionalities, as well as its challenges and proposed dissemination activities for further enhancement and adoption.
Private Sector

Public Private Partnerships (PPP) - Cooperative models

With this report, ENISA aims to analyse the current status of PPPs in the EU. The study identifies the main models of collaboration, the current challenges that both private and public sector face in the process of setting up and developing PPPs and…
National / EU authorities

Information Sharing and Analysis Center (ISACs) - Cooperative models

The main objectives of this study are: 1.To provide information about the ISACs in Europe through collecting information on the current status of ISACs and to identify main models of this type of collaboration. 2. To identify current challenges that…
National / EU authorities

Privacy and data protection in mobile applications

The scope of the report is to provide a meta-study on privacy and data protection in mobile apps by analysing the features of the app development environment that impact privacy and security, as well as defining relevant best-practices, open issues…
Private Sector

Handbook on Security of Personal Data Processing

The overall scope of the report is to provide practical demonstrations and interpretation of the methodological steps of the ENISA’s 2016 guidelines for SMEs on the security of personal data processing. This is performed through specific use cases…
Private Sector

Online Tracking and User Protection Mechanisms

ENISA decided to provide a study on online tracking and relevant user protection mechanisms, paying particular attention to user consent, privacy settings and the implementation of the Do-Not-Track (DNT) standard.
CitizensPrivate Sector

eIDAS: Overview on the implementation and uptake of Trust Services

In the context of the eIDAS Regulation, ENISA conducted a study to present an overview of the implementation and uptake of Trust Services defined in the eIDAS Regulation one year after adoption to the new regime, and analyse the new opportunities…
Private Sector
annual privacy forum 2017

Annual Privacy Forum 2017

ENISA's Annual Privacy Forum 2017 encouraged dialogue with panel discussions and provided room for exchange of ideas in between scientific sessions. The two-day conference was well attended by more than 100 participants in addition to more than 70…
National / EU authoritiesPrivate Sector

QWACs Plugin

Proof of concept browser plugin to support the two-step verification of qualified certificates for web-site authentication
Private Sector

Conformity assessment of Trust Service Providers - Technical guidelines on trust services

Through this document, ENISA is supporting both Trust Service Providers and Conformity Assessment Bodies in the audit activities by presenting the auditing framework. It aims at helping Trust Service Providers fulfil the requirements defined by the…
Private Sector