This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…
Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…
This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…
This is the first analysis conducted by the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) of the cyber threat
landscape of the European finance sector. From January 2023 to June 2024, the European financial sector faced
significant…
The after action report provides an overview of the 2024 edition of the Cyber Europe exercise which was conducted in June and aimed at identifying gaps and increasing cybersecurity preparedeness and resilience.
Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…
This ENISA study aims to develop a maturity assessment model to evaluate each MS's cybersecurity education level in primary and secondary schools and to provide a comprehensive overview of the EU. Additionally, ENISA seeks to collect and share…
This is the second iteration of the “ENISA Foresight Cybersecurity Threats for 2030” study that represents a comprehensive analysis and assessment of emerging cybersecurity threats projected for the year 2030. The report reassesses the previously…
To facilitate adoption of the CRA provisions, these requirements need to be translated into the form of harmonised standards, with which manufacturers can comply. In support of the standardisation effort, this study attempt to identify the most…
This booklet summarises upcoming challenges and provides for an assessment of the risks. We are now ready to design the cyber secure future ahead of us.
This is the executive summary of the second iteration of The “ENISA Foresight Cybersecurity Threats for 2030” study that represents a comprehensive analysis and assessment of emerging cybersecurity threats projected for the year 2030. The report…
