Publications

Featured publications

2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

November 29, 2024 Download

This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

September 17, 2024 Download

Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

February 27, 2024 Download

This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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ENISA Transport Threat Landscape

21 March, 2023

This report is the first analysis conducted by the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) of the cyber threat landscape of the transport sector in the EU. The report aims to bring new insights into the reality of the transport sector by…

Cybersecurity of AI and Standardisation

14 March, 2023

The overall objective of the present document is to provide an overview of standards (existing, being drafted, under consideration and planned) related to the cybersecurity of artificial intelligence (AI), assess their coverage and identify gaps in…

Foreign Information Manipulation Interference (FIMI) and Cybersecurity - Threat Landscape

8 December, 2022

The EU Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) and the European External Action Service (EEAS) have joined forces to study and analyse the threat landscape concerning Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI) and disinformation. A dedicated…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2022

3 November, 2022

This is the tenth edition of the ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report, an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape. It identifies the top threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack…

ENISA Threat Landscape for Ransomware Attacks

29 July, 2022

This report aims to bring new insights into the reality of ransomware incidents through mapping and studying ransomware incidents from May 2021 to June 2022. Based on the findings, ransomware has adapted and evolved, becoming more efficient and…

ENISA Threat Landscape Methodology

6 July, 2022

By establishing the ENISA Cybersecurity Threat Landscape (CTL) methodology, the Agency aims to set a baseline for the transparent and systematic delivery of horizontal, thematic, and sectorial cybersecurity threat landscapes. The following threat…

Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure Policies in the EU

13 April, 2022

This report analyses information and presents an overview of coordinated vulnerability disclosure (CVD) policies at the national level within the EU. Aside from offering a comprehensive overview of the EU CVD state of play, it also provides high-…

5G Cybersecurity Standards

16 March, 2022

This report outlines the contribution of standardisation to the mitigation of technical risks, and therefore to trust and resilience, in the 5G ecosystem. This report focuses on standardisation from a technical and organisational perspective.

Foresight Challenges

22 November, 2021

This report aims to highlight the most relevant foresight methods based on ubiquity or suitability to ENISA’s core needs to adequately address future cybersecurity threats and shape a more secure society. In fact, foresight enables reflection on…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2021

27 October, 2021

This is the ninth edition of the ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report, an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape that identifies prime threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack…