Publications

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ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Foresight Cybersecurity Threats For 2030 - Update 2024: Executive Summary

This is the executive summary of the second iteration of The “ENISA Foresight Cybersecurity Threats for 2030” study that represents a comprehensive analysis and assessment of emerging cybersecurity threats projected for the year 2030. The report…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Trust Services Security Incidents 2022

This report, the Annual Report Trust Services Security Incidents 2022, provides an aggregated overview of the notified breaches for 2022, analysing root causes, statistics and trends. This report marks the sixth round of security incident reporting…

Market of Cybersecurity Assessments

This Report aims at presenting the current state of play of cybersecurity assessments of ICT products and cloud services. In order to study the dynamic of the related market, the report focuses on the evolution of the number of assessed ICT…

ENISA Threat Landscape for DoS Attacks

Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks have been a constant security concern for organisations. However, in the last few years, DoS attacks have become easier, cheaper and more aggressive than ever before. The emergence of new armed conflicts around the…

NIS Investments Report 2023

This report aims at providing policy makers with evidence to assess the effectiveness of the existing EU cybersecurity framework specifically through data on how Operators of Essential Services (OES) and Digital Service Providers (DSP) identified in…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2023

This is the eleventh edition of the ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) report, an annual report on the status of the cybersecurity threat landscape. It identifies the top threats, major trends observed with respect to threats, threat actors and attack…

Foresight 2030 Threats

This booklet summarises upcoming challenges and provides for an assessment of the risks. We are now ready to design the cyber secure future ahead of us.

Good Practices for Supply Chain Cybersecurity

The report provides an overview of the current supply chain cybersecurity practices followed by essential and important entities in the EU, based on the results of a 2022 ENISA study which focused on investments of cybersecurity budgets among…

Cybersecurity Support Action

The ENISA Cybersecurity Support Action provides ex-post and ex-ante services and assistance to Member States' NIS2 Directive entities.

ENISA Foresight Cybersecurity Threats for 2030

This study aims to identify and collect information on future cybersecurity threats that could affect the Union’s infrastructure and services, and its ability to keep European society and citizens digitally secure.

Cloud Cybersecurity Market Analysis

The present European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) report is an analysis of the cloud cybersecurity market, planned for in ENISA’s Work Programme 2022 ( ) under activity O.7.1., ‘Market analysis on the main trends in the cybersecurity…