Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…
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Foresight Cybersecurity Threats For 2030 - Update 2024: Executive Summary
This is the executive summary of the second iteration of The “ENISA Foresight Cybersecurity Threats for 2030” study that represents a comprehensive analysis and assessment of emerging cybersecurity threats projected for the year 2030. The report…
Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management
This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…
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PETs controls matrix - A systematic approach for assessing online and mobile privacy tools
Following previous work in the field of privacy engineering, in 2016 ENISA defined the ‘PETs control matrix’, an assessment framework and tool for the systematic presentation and evaluation of online and mobile privacy tools for end users. The…
Towards a Digital Single Market for NIS Products and Services
The objective of this report is to assess the current NIS market in the EU from an economic and technical standpoint, in view of the DSM and its future demands for protection. It primarily focuses on the European market’s characteristics,…
Security of Mobile Payments and Digital Wallets
Securing Smart Airports
In response to the new emerging threats faced by smart airports, this report provides a guide for airport decision makers (CISOs, CIOs, IT Directors and Head of Operations) and airport information security professionals, but also relevant…
Cyber security and resilience for Smart Hospitals
NCSS Good Practice Guide
Cyber Insurance: Recent Advances, Good Practices and Challenges
Annual Incident Reports 2015
Strategies for incident response and cyber crisis cooperation
The cost of incidents affecting CIIs
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