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2024 Report on the State of the Cybersecurity in the Union

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This document marks the first report on the state of cybersecurity in the Union, adopted by ENISA in cooperation with the NIS Cooperation Group and the European Commission, in accordance with Article 18 of the Directive (EU) 2022/2555 (…

ENISA Threat Landscape 2024

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Seven prime cybersecurity threats were identified in 2024, with threats against availability topping the chart and followed by ransomware and threats against data, and the report provides a relevant deep-dive on each one of them by analysing…

Best Practices for Cyber Crisis Management

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This study highlights the complexities behind the notion of cyber crisis and the degree of subjectivity it involves. The elevation of a large-scale cyber incident into a cyber crisis relies predominantly on a political decision, and depends…

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Position Paper of the EP3R Task Forces on Incident Management and Mutual Aid Strategies (TF-MASIM)

This document summarises the discussions that happened between April and September 2013 in the EP3R Task Force on Incident Management and Mutual Aid Strategies. The task assigned to this Task Force was to reflect on the potential issues found when a…

EP3R 2013 – Task Forces on Terminology Definitions and Categorisation of Assets (TF-TDCA)

This Position Paper intends to establish the foundations of a commonly accepted and adopted methodology to define proper Terminology within EP3R, and later allow a concise Key Assets Categorisation.

Position Paper of the EP3R Task Forces on Trusted Information Sharing (TF-TIS)

The key recommendations of this report are: - To establish a pilot based on the Management and Functional Requirements listed in this document which usage will allow a more structured Information Sharing mechanism; - To designate a neutral party who…
smart grid threat landscape and good practice guide

Smart Grid Threat Landscape and Good Practice Guide

ENISA report on threats in the area of smart grids and good practice guide.

Roadmap for European Cyber Security Month

The European Cyber Security Month 2013 took place in October in 27 countries. By consulting this report the reader will be introduced to the context of ECSM deployment, the policy context, the stakeholder model of engagement, the activities that…

Power Supply Dependencies in the Electronic Communications Sector

Electronic communications are the backbone of the EU’s digital society. Article 13a of the EU’s electronic communications Framework directive asks EU Member States to ensure the security and resilience of public electronic communications networks…

Mutual Aid for Resilient Infrastructure in Europe (M.A.R.I.E.) - Phase II: Recommendations Report

This report presents 5 main recommendations which will –if implemented- improve emergency preparedness for ICT Stakeholders. The results of the preliminary study performed in 2011 showed that the preparedness for Black Swan events (low probability…

On the security, privacy and usability of online seals

This report analyses the conditions under which online security and privacy seals (OSPS) can be deployed to support users to make an informed trust decision about Web services and their providers with respect to the provided security and privacy.…

Trusted e-ID Infrastructures and services in the EU - Recommendations for Trusted Provision of e-Government services

Under the scope of the the proposed new Regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market, which will supersede the current Directive 1999/93/EC on a Community framework for electronic…

Trusted e-ID infrastructures and services in EU

ENISA has conducted a survey about the security mechanisms used by TSPs (Trust Service Providers) in Europe, and their interoperability, under the scope of the proposed new Regulation on electronic identification and trust services for electronic…